Issue №: 3 (53)
The journal deals with the issues of efficiency of functioning of the national economics and organizational forms of management of the national economy. Attention is paid to the problems of marketing, management and efficiency of production and economic activity of agrarian enterprises. The issues of public administration and administration, accounting and taxation, banking and insurance, forecasting and modeling of economic processes, foreign economic activity, commodity flows of economic entities and their infrastructure support.
CONCEPTUAL APPARATUS OF THE CATEGORY OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE, THEIR CLASSIFICATION AND PROSPECTS OF FURTHER USE FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCTION
HONCHARUK Inna – PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Soniachna st, e-mail: vnaunauka2020@gmail.com).
VOVK Valeria – graduate student of the first year of study of the Department of Economics, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Soniachna st, e-mail: vvovk_2703@ukr.net).
The article examines the interpretation of the concept of «waste» in European and domestic regulatory documents and reveals the absence of an environmental component in the definitions, which today is an extremely important aspect of any kind of activity. Attention is paid to an important group of waste - agricultural waste, which simultaneously have the most negative impact on the environment and can be used as a secondary raw material to support the activities of other industries. Attention is paid to an important group of waste - agricultural waste, which simultaneously have the most negative impact on the environment and can be used as a secondary raw material to support the activities of other industries. A list of European and domestic regulatory documents that partially regulate various aspects of agricultural waste management is provided, and the lack of both in regulatory documents and among scientific approaches to determining the essence of agricultural waste is provided, in this regard, the author's understanding is presented of this category of waste. Also, a comparison was made between the classification of agricultural waste in accordance with the State Waste Classifier of Ukraine DK 005-96 with the classification of the corresponding waste group given in the European Waste Catalog.
Analyzed the volumes of waste generation in Ukraine by type of economic activity in 2019. The structure of emissions from the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine has been studied and it is indicated that the largest environmental pollutants are animal waste (animal manure and bird droppings), but today there are ways of converting such waste into biofuels, namely biogas. The implementation of the process of processing animal waste (animal manure and bird droppings, which are by-products of production and which do not need to be grown additionally) into biogas, will provide not only the environmental component of waste management - reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but also provide additional economic benefits.
This study found that the processing of animal waste, with the formation of biogas, will partially solve environmental problems, as well as gain advantages in the form of decentralized production of renewable energy or fuel production for the formation of energy independence of the agricultural sector of Ukraine and the state as a whole.
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2. Ramkova Dyrektyva pro vidkhody 75/442/YeS vid 15 lypnia 1975 r. rishenniam Yevropeiskoi Rady [Waste Framework Directive 75/442 / EC of 15 July 1975 by Decision of the European Council]. Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:31975L0442&from=EN [in Ukrainian].
3. Dyrektyva Yevropeiskoho Parlamentu ta Rady 2008/98/YeS vid 19 lystopada 2008 roku pro vidkhody ta skasuvannia deiakykh Dyrektyv [Directive 2008/98 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives]. Retrieved from: https://mepr.gov.ua/files/docs/2008%2098%20%D0%84%D0%A1.pdf [in Ukrainian].
4. Pro vidkhody: Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.03.1998 r. #187/98-VR [On waste: Law of Ukraine of March 5, 1998 №187 / 98-VR]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/187/98-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text [in Ukrainian].
5. Pro alternatyvni vydy palyva. Zakon Ukrainy vid 14.01.2000 r. #1391-XIV [About alternative fuels. Law of Ukraine of January 14, 2000 №1391-XIV]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1391-14#Text [in Ukrainian].
6. Klasyfikator vidkhodiv DK 005-96. [Classifier of waste DK 005-96]: Order of the State Committee of Ukraine for Standardization, Metrology and Certification dated 29.02.1996 №89]. Retrieved from: http://www.zakon/nau.ua [in Ukrainian].
7. Pro pobichni produkty tvarynnoho pokhodzhennia, ne pryznacheni dlia spozhyvannia liudynoiu: Zakon Ukrainy # 287-VIII vid 07.04.2015. [On animal by-products not intended for human consumption: Law of Ukraine № 287-VIII of 07.04.2015]. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/287-19#Text [in Ukrainian].
8. Tokarchuk D.M. (2018). Upravlinnia efektyvnym vykorystanniam silskohospodarskykh vidkhodiv dlia vyrobnytstva biohazu [Management of efficient use of agricultural waste for biogas production]. Oblik i finansy – Accounting and finance, 3(81), 133-139 [in Ukrainian].
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13. Kaletnik G.M. (2018). Dyversyfikatsiia rozvytku vyrobnytstva biopalyv – osnova zabezpechennia prodovolchoi, enerhetychnoi, ekonomichnoi ta ekolohichnoi bezpeky Ukrainy [Diversification of biofuel production development is the basis for ensuring food, energy, economic and environmental security of Ukraine]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky – Bulletin of Agricultural Science, 11, 169-176 [in Ukrainian].
14. Honcharuk I. (2020). Use of Wastes of the Livestock Industry as a Possibility for Increasing the Efficiency of AIC and Eeplenishing the energy Balance. Visegrad Journal on Bioeconomy and Sustainable Development, vol. 9. № 1, 9-14 [in English].
15. Honcharuk I.V. (2020). Vyrobnytstvo biohazu v ahrarnomu sektori – shliakh do pidvyshchennia enerhetychnoi nezalezhnosti ta rodiuchosti hruntiv [Biogas production in the agricultural sector - a way to increase energy independence and soil fertility]. Ahrosvit – Agrosvit, 15, 18-29 [in Ukrainian].
16. Honcharuk I.V., & Tomashuk I.V. (2019). Ekonomichna efektyvnist enerhetychnoi avtonomii APK za rakhunok vykorystannia biopalyv [Economic efficiency of energy autonomy of agro-industrial complex due to the use of biofuels]. Ekonomika. Finansy. Menedzhment: aktualni pytannia nauky i praktyky – Economy. Finances. Management: current issues of science and practice, 2, 7-19 [in Ukrainian].
17. Andreichenko A.V. (2017). Typolohiia vidkhodiv v APK: vitchyznianyi ta yevropeiskyi dosvid [Typology of waste in agro-industrial complex: domestic and European experience]. Ekonomichnyi prostir – Economic space, 124б 67-76 [in Ukrainian].
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22. Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste. Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri= celex%3A31999L0031 [in English].
23. Consolidated text: Council Directive of 12 December 1991 concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources (91/676/EEC). Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content /EN/TXT/?qid=1561542776070&uri=CELEX:01991L0676-20081211 [in English].
24. Council Directive 86/278/EEC of 12 June 1986 on the protection of the environment, and in particular of the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture. Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa. eu/legal-content/ EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A31986L0278 [in English].
25. Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 laying down health rules as regards animal by-products and derived products not intended for human consumption and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002 (Animal by-products Regulation). Retrieved from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32009R1069 [in English].
About journal
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The journal “Economy, finances, management: Topical issues of science and practice” is included in the "List of Scientific Professional Editions of Ukraine".
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It was founded in 1997 under the name "Bulletin of the Vinnytsia State Agricultural Institute". In 2010-2014 he was published under the title “Collection of scientific works of Vinnitsa National Agrarian University”.
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According to the decision of National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine from 25.04.2024 No. 1337 the scientific journal «Economy, finances, management: topical issues of science and practical activity» has the ID of the Media R30-05171.
