Issue №: 2 (60)
The journal deals with the issues of efficiency of functioning of the national economics and organizational forms of management of the national economy. Attention is paid to the problems of marketing, management and efficiency of production and economic activity of agrarian enterprises. The issues of public administration and administration, accounting and taxation, banking and insurance, forecasting and modeling of economic processes, foreign economic activity, commodity flows of economic entities and their infrastructure support.
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF LAND RELATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM
KALETNIK Grygorii – Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Academician of NAAS of Ukraine, Head of the Department of Administrative Management and Alternative Energy Sources, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3, Soniachna Str., e-mail: rector@vsau.org).
TOMLYAK Taisa – Senior Lecturer of the Department of Law, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3, Soniachna Str.,
e-mail: tomlak.taya@gmail.com).
The article examines the organization of land relations in conditions of martial law. The authors analyze the current land legislation adopted by the Parliament of Ukraine under martial law, give proposals for amendments to the Land Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine «On Land Lease» to improve the mechanism of renewal of land lease in conditions of martial law, aimed to protect the rights of tenants and landlord, reducing the amount of payment for land of all forms of ownership and rent for land of state and communal ownership for the period of martial law.
The article also states that the authors’ proposed changes to the current land and tax legislation will provide the greatest possibility of agricultural land cultivation in wartime conditions, which will contribute to the intensive production of agricultural products.
The authors investigated that some legislative changes in land legislation adopted after February 24, 2022 need to be improved and changed, as they create legal uncertainty and multiple interpretations of legal norms. For example, the authors substantiate that public authorities and local governments cannot be the subject of the right of permanent use of state and communal land, as they are the administrators of such land.
The article concludes that the functioning of the State Register of Real Property Rights and the State Land Cadaster depends on the implementation of land relations, both individuals and legal entities of private law and public authorities and local governments.
The authors also found that in fact the legislator gave the right to permanent users to dispose of land plots of state and communal ownership, which directly contradicts Part 1 of Article 92 of the Land Code of Ukraine.
The important point is the forecast of lack of the local budgets of the rent for land in those territories where hostilities are (were) taking place, as well as the author's conclusion on the need to reduce the rent for land for the period of martial law throughout the whole territory of the state.
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2. Pro prodovzhennia stroku dii voiennoho stanu v Ukraini: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy №133/2022 [Decree of the President of Ukraine «On the extension of martial law in Ukraine» № 133/2022]. (2022, March 14). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/133/2022#n2 [in Ukrainian].
3. Pro prodovzhennia stroku dii voiennoho stanu v Ukraini: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy №259/2022 [Decree of the President of Ukraine «On the extension of martial law in Ukraine» № 259/2022]. (2022, April 18). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/259/2022#n2 [in Ukrainian].
4. Pro prodovzhennia stroku dii voiennoho stanu v Ukraini: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy №341/2022 [Decree of the President of Ukraine «On extending the period of martial law in Ukraine» № 341/2022]. (2022, May 17). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/341/2022#n2 [in Ukrainian].
5. Pro zatverdzhennia Ukazu Prezydenta Ukrainy «Pro vvedennia voiennoho stanu v Ukraini»: Zakon Ukrainy № 2102-Х [Law of Ukraine «On Approval of the Decree of the President of Ukraine «On the Introduction of Martial Law in Ukraine» № 2102-Х]. (2022, February 24). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2102-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
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9. Kaletnik, G.M., & Opolska, N.M. (2021). Nabuttia prava vlasnosti na zemelni dilianky silskohospodarskoho pryznachennia v Ukraini v rozrizi pretsedentnoi praktyky Yevropeiskoho sudu iz prav liudyny [Acquisition of ownership rights to agricultural land plots in Ukraine in the context of precedent practice of the European Court of Human Rights]. Naukovyi chasopys NPU imeni M.P. Drahomanova. Seriia 18. Pravo – Scientific Journal of the M.P. Drahomanov NPU. Series 18. Law, 36, 45-53 [in Ukrainian].
10. Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrainy shchodo stvorennia umov dlia zabezpechennia prodovolchoi bezpeky v umovakh voiennoho stanu: Zakon Ukrainy № 2145-IX [Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Creating Conditions for Ensuring Food Security in Martial Law» № 2145-IX]. (2022, March 24). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2145-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
11. Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrainy shchodo osoblyvostei rehuliuvannia zemelnykh vidnosyn v umovakh voiennoho stanu: Zakon Ukrainy № 2247-IX [Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Regarding the Peculiarities of Regulating Land Relations in Martial Law» № 2247-IX]. (2022, May 12). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2247-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
12. Zemelnyi kodeks Ukrainy № 2768-III [Land Code of Ukraine № 2768-III]. (2001, October 25). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/ laws/show/2768-14#Text [in Ukrainian].
13. Pro orendu zemli: Zakon Ukrainy» № 161-XIV [Law of Ukraine «On Land Lease» № 161-XIV]. (1998, October 6). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/161-14#Text [in Ukrainian].
14. Konstytutsiia Ukrainy № 254k/96-VR [Constitution of Ukraine № 254k/96-ВР]. (1996, June 28). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text [in Ukrainian].
15. Pro osnovni zasady prymusovoho vyluchennia v Ukraini obiektiv prava vlasnosti Rosiiskoi Federatsii ta yii rezydentiv: Zakon Ukrainy № 2116-IX [Law of Ukraine «On the Basic Principles of Forcible Expropriation in Ukraine of Property Rights of the Russian Federation and Its Residents» № 2116-IX]. (2022, March 3). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2116-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
16. Kryvenkyi proty Ukrainy: Rishennia Yevropeiskoho sudu z prav liudyny (Zaiava № 43768/07) [Decision of the European Court of Human Rights in the case «Kryvenky v. Ukraine» (Application № 43768/07)]. zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/974_d48#Text [in Ukrainian].
17. Rysovskyi proty Ukrainy: Rishennia Yevropeiskoho sudu z prav liudyny (Zaiava № 29979/04) [Decision of the European Court of Human Rights in the case «Rysovsky v. Ukraine» (Application № 29979/04)]. zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/974_854#Text [in Ukrainian].
18. Protokol do Konventsii pro zakhyst prav liudyny i osnovopolozhnykh svobod [Protocol to the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms]. (1952, March 20). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/994_535#Text [in Ukrainian].
19. Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh postanov Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy shchodo diialnosti notariusiv ta funktsionuvannia yedynykh ta derzhavnykh reiestriv, derzhatelem yakykh ye Ministerstvo yustytsii, v umovakh voiennoho stanu: Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy № 480 [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «On Amendments to Certain Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Regarding the Activities of Notaries and the Functioning of Unified and State Registers Maintained by the Ministry of Justice in Martial Law» № 480]. (2022, April 19). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/480-2022-%D0%BF#Text [in Ukrainian].
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23. Deiaki pytannia realizatsii pilotnoho proektu shchodo vnesennia do Derzhavnoho zemelnoho kadastru vidomostei pro zemelni dilianky sertyfikovanymy inzheneramy-zemlevporiadnykamy: Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy № 1438 [Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine: «Some issues of implementation of the pilot project regarding the entry of information about land plots into the State Land Cadastre by certified land surveying engineers» № 1438]. (2021, December 29). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1438-2021-%D0%BF#Text [in Ukrainian].
24. Pro vnesennia zmin do Podatkovoho kodeksu Ukrainy ta inshykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrainy shchodo dii norm na period dii voiennoho stanu: Zakon Ukrainy № 2120-IX [Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine and other legislative acts of Ukraine regarding the application of norms for the period of martial law» № 2120-IX]. (2022, March 15). zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2120-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
25. Ofitsiinyi sait Ministerstva finansiv Ukrainy [Official website of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine]. mof.gov.ua. Retrieved from: https://mof.gov.ua/uk/ vykonannia-dokhodiv-mistsevykh-biudzhetiv [in Ukrainian].
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The journal “Economy, finances, management: Topical issues of science and practice” is included in the "List of Scientific Professional Editions of Ukraine".
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It was founded in 1997 under the name "Bulletin of the Vinnytsia State Agricultural Institute". In 2010-2014 he was published under the title “Collection of scientific works of Vinnitsa National Agrarian University”.
From 2015 ”Economy, finances, management: Topical issues of science and practical activity” (Certificate of State Registration of Mass Media No. 21154-10954 of PR as of December 31, 2014)
The journal is the successor to the edition ”Collection of Scientific Papers of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Series: Economic Sciences. "
