Issue №: 3 (31)
The magazine deals with the problems of the agricultural sector of the economy in the context of integration and processes of globalization. Attention is paid to the issues of development of digital economy, rural territories, technologies of enterprise management and organization of accounting, problems of legal support of economic processes, market tendencies of development of various branches of economy. Particular attention is paid to green tourism as a promising segment of the national economy.
ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF FARMS OF VINNYTSIA REGION (1991-1992)
LEVCHUK Kostyantyn Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of History of Ukraine and Philosophy, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3, Sonyachna Str., e-mail: ki_levchuk@i.ua).
Market transformations in the Ukrainian economy, which began in the early 90's of the twentieth century, led to the emergence in the agricultural sector of commodity producers of various types of management. One of the varieties of agricultural enterprises is the farm enterprises, the formation of which began in Ukraine before the declaration of independence and the absence of an appropriate legislative framework.
The main focus in the study of farm enterprises is focused on the current stage of development of agricultural relations (as a rule since 2000). In the writings of researchers, insufficient attention was paid to the initial stage of the formation of the agrarian reform (1991-1992), the role of state support in the development of new organizational-legal forms of management in the countryside, the attitude to the farmers' movement of the peasantry and local authorities.
The archival documents testify that the practical implementation of the Law "On Peasant (Farmer's) Economy" during 1992 showed the unwillingness of the authorities, representatives of local councils and village communities, and farmers to constructively cooperate in reforming the Ukrainian agrarian sector.
The creation of land reserves of Vinnytsia district occurred within the limits of the current legislation. However, a certain number of village councils did not allocate land reserves, or allocated less than the norm. Imperfect legal regulation caused a conflict of interest between farmers and citizens who sought to lead a private subsidiary on the land reserves, to be engaged in horticulture and gardening.
The peasants considered it unjust to allocate 50 or more hectares of land to farmers. In addition, a significant proportion of applicants for land were urban residents, or farmers from other villages.
Lack of adequate material and technical support for newly created farms by state structures and attempts by administrative and command methods to initiate market transformations in the agricultural sector have put farmers in difficult economic conditions for many years ahead.
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