Issue №: 4 (44)
The magazine deals with the problems of the agricultural sector of the economy in the context of integration and processes of globalization. Attention is paid to the issues of development of digital economy, rural territories, technologies of enterprise management and organization of accounting, problems of legal support of economic processes, market tendencies of development of various branches of economy. Particular attention is paid to green tourism as a promising segment of the national economy.
THE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
PRIKHNO Iryna – Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance, Cherkasy State Technological University (18006, Shevchenko str., 460, Cherkasy, Ukraine, ira.prikhno@gmail.com).
CHASTOKOLENKO Igor – Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Higher Mathematics and Information Technologies, Institute of Fire Safety named after Chornobyl Heroes of National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine (18000, Onopriienko str., 8, Cherkasy, Ukraine, igor.chft@gmail.com).
MARCHENKO Artem – Lecturer of the Department of Higher Mathematics and Information Technologies, Institute of Fire Safety named after Chornobyl Heroes of National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine (18000, Onopriienko str., 8, Cherkasy, Ukraine, apbkafmat@gmail.com).
In today's global economy, financial intermediation is an extremely powerful source of financial resources that can be used for investment purposes, since financial intermediaries can combine temporarily free (unused in the economy) financial resources of different business entities and direct them to those sectors of the economy that need investment. At the same time, financial intermediaries simultaneously provide the movement of financial assets and contribute to the development of the economy.
It is proved that the objective need for a study of financial intermediation in Ukraine is to establish such a mechanism for the redistribution of financial resources in the country in order to achieve the maximum level of development of the economy both at the micro level and at the macro level.
In Ukraine, the process of reforming the economy continues, including the financial market. The main participants in the financial market are financial intermediaries, which bring together buyers and sellers of financial assets.
Activities of financial intermediaries in the financial market can be characterized by the fulfillment of the following main functions: accumulation of savings of economic entities; placing of attracted financial resources in the branches of economy; obtaining profit (own, as well as other economic entities); ensuring economic development.
We believe that the main purpose of financial intermediaries is to create a balance in the financial market by matching interests and needs of all participants in the financial market and balancing demand and supply on financial resources.
The most common is the division of financial intermediaries into banking institutions (banking sector) and non-bank financial institutions (non-banking financial sector). Currently, in Ukraine, banking institutions are represented by universal and specialized commercial banks of Ukraine, and non-bank financial institutions are represented by insurance and financial companies, credit unions and pawnshops, non-state pension funds and trust companies.
According to statistics, the banking sector is larger in terms of assets, while the number of financial market participants is dominated by the non-banking financial sector. The analysis carried out shows an increase in the role of non-bank financial institutions in the financial market. Non-financial sector entities are dominated by financial companies.
The article outlines the following main problems of the development of financial intermediation entities in Ukraine: the inconsistency of the financial system of Ukraine with the real sector of the economy, as a result of which the non-banking sector of the economy is not able to fully perform its main functions; the presence in the financial market of institutions that practically do not perform the functions assigned to them, thus creating significant risks for the normal functioning of the market; Ineffective legislation and an ineffective system for overseeing the activities of financial intermediaries, which gives rise to distrust of financial institutions; low level of financial literacy of the population.
In order to overcome the problems identified and to provide an effective mechanism for the functioning of financial intermediary institutions in Ukraine, it is proposed to: introduce common rules of conduct in the financial market for banks and non-bank financial institutions, but taking into account the specifics of each type of financial intermediary; to intensify activity in the financial market of investment funds, insurance companies and non-state pension funds; Maximize the attraction of the non-banking financial sector to the development of the real sector of the economy; introduce a reliable mechanism for protecting the funds of the population and business entities; to create a service consulting center for the provision of services by non-bank financial institutions.
We believe that the outlined directions for solving the problems of the development of financial intermediation create the basis for its further improvement and promote the activation of their effective activity.
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